World Championship in Light Athletics in Berlin

The World Championship in light athletics in Berlin has ended glamorously. Some spectators had a feeling of joy concerning high efficiency of athlets but, may be, also an idea of weakness, since many peoploe are interested in sports but don't use it seriously. Where are the limits of athletic exercises? The fabulous world record of Usain Bolt in short distance of one hundred meters in 9.58 sec could be lowered by a maximum of 0.3 sec, in the opinion of some experts. One is astonished about the top performances of some athlets from Kenia and Ethiopia in long distances. In this case scientists believe that the muscular system of runners from Kenia consume less oxygen than others. This means a greater stamina in relation to non-african competitors. It is unknown whether this economic consumption of oxygen can be obtained by training. If not these african magic runners will govern long distances in light athletics in the next future. This is a disadvantage of all others ... except those spectators who like effeciency in sports more than the colours of the national flag!

Basic Income for all Citizens

According to Wikipedia in 2009, the Basic Income (BI) is an unconditional payment where every citizen by law gets a certain amount of money each month from the state, without any service in return. In Chrismon journal from july 2009, the author Wolfgang Storz estimated a monthly amount of 750 € for every adult and 250 € for everybody younger than 18 years in Germany. To get an impression of the financial capacity required let us calculate with about 67 Million adults and about 15 Million younger people in Germany. This yields 67 Million x 750 € = 50,25 Billion € and 15 Million x 250 € = 3,75 Billion €. The total amount of money required each month is 54 Billion €, resp. 648 Billion €/year. To compare, the german national budget in 2008 was about 283 Billion €. As result this means that the financial need for the BI of all citizens in Germany would actually be a little bit more than twice the value of the german national budget in 2008. You find similar ideas at 1) Initiative BI in Swiss, 2) Showing solidarity concerning money for citizens (Model of Althaus), 3) Model of Ulm and 4) Initiative "Start Future" from Götz Werner.

Un utopic idea

In 2005 the amount of the capital worldwide was about 150 Trillion (=150,000,000,000) Dollar (by Solte: Weltfinanzsystem am Limit, 2007). Assuming an average return of 5%, this would be 7.5 Trill. Doll. p.a.. With a taxrate of 20%, all of the states together will earn 1.5 Trill. Doll.. Let us assume that 10% of this tax will be spend for people worldwide who have not enough money to live. This would be an amount of 0.15 Trill. Doll. = 150 Bill. Doll.. Assuming furthermore that 50% of worldwide 6 Billion of people have not enough money to survive, we get the value of 50 Doll. per person and year. In the least developed countries, people earn less than 350 Doll. p.a.. If these 10% of the tax income would be spend for these people, a person with 350 Doll. income p.a. would have about 14% more money p.a. to live, or if the income is only 200 Doll., this would be a sum of 25%. This idea seems to be utopic, since there must be as preposition the agreement about the distribution of tax income worldwide. An other possibility would be to give a community of about 100,000 inhabitants in the least developed countries 5 Million Doll. to develop its infrastructure. Which method would be realisible?

The Laplace Demon (LD)

The LD is an imaginary intelligence being able to calculate each condition of a system in both the past and the future by using all kinds of laws of nature and intial conditions and constraints to set up corresponding equations of motion. Objections:(1) LD is not able to calculate exact analytical solutions in complex physical systems because of mathem. reasons. He can only find particular solutions.(2) Since informations only extend with speed of light, LD cannot look across a certain "limit" in cosmos and is therefore not able to calculate and predict conditions in the whole universe.(3) LD's calculations would take as much time as the universe needs to reach these conditions because of exponentially rising amounts of data. An action could not be planned since several calculations would be necessary.(4) As is well known in quantum mechanics it is only possible to measure either position or momentum of an atomic particle. That's why LD cannot make deterministic predictions in these cases.

Speed of Information

The encyclopedia "Brockhaus" defines the expression Information (I) in science as instruction not only from men but also from organisms or technical devices about facts, events or expirations. To transmit I, physical signals are used, for example electromagnetical or acoustical ones. The velocity of a signal extending from point A to point B can be defined as speed of information v_I. I is regarded as being incorporated in waves or groups of waves. However, experiments (at Duke University, Durham 2003) proved that I is not extending with the velocity of the group v_G. This mathematical term may have values smaller than zero and greater than c (velocity of light). There are references defining v_I = c_vacuum. Due to the Special Theory of Relativity the velocity of matter, resp. energy, cannot be transferred faster than light in vacuum. Otherwise the Principle of Causality would be hurt. This means that an action always follows the cause. Signals with speeds greater than the velocity of light could therefore influence the past. However, this is not possible!